The Cause
The endometrium is the sheet of cells that grows monthly to line the uterus. Normally, women naturally expel these endometrial cells during menstruation. In some women, however, the growth of cells becomes excessive, resulting either in flat or protruding growths, called endometrial polyps, or in a thickening of the endometrium, called endometrial hyperplasia. Hyperplasia can lead to cancer if not treated. These conditions may occur when a woman’s hormone levels are out of balance as her endocrine glands produce too much estrogen and not enough progesterone-like hormones that would normally work to counteract estrogen’s tissue-producing properties.
Symptoms
Endometrial hyperplasia and polyps can cause excessive bleeding during menstruation and/or vaginal bleeding between periods. They can also cause pelvic pain and sensitivity during and after intercourse and at other times during the month.
Diagnosis
At Academia, we perform trans-vaginal ultrasound to evaluate the cause of bleeding. Unless the uterine lining is extremely thin, we take a sample of the endometrium and perform a biopsy.
Treatment
We treat hyperplasia medically or with minimally invasive surgery, depending on the reproductive goals and general medical condition of a patient. If endometrial hyperplasia is not found and a polyp is suspected, we perform diagnostic hysteroscopy in the office which can be extended to a hysteroscopic polypectomy (removal of the polyp) at the same time as needed. If more extensive therapy is indicated, hospital surgery may be necessary using minimally invasive techniques.
If you are suffering from chronic pelvic pain or abnormal vaginal bleeding, please give Academia a call or make an appointment via this website (see Patient Portal). These symptoms should be diagnosed and treated as soon as possible – not merely to avoid greater problems, but, just as important, to ensure that your day-to-day life is as wonderful and carefree as it should be.